Table 1. Fresh weight, plant size (height, width) and color of two leafy vegetables according to cultivation type^1),2)

			Batavia³⁾
			Hydroponically grown		Soil-grown
			BAH1	BAH2	BAH3	BAN
			Mean SD	Mean SD	Mean SD	Mean SD
Fresh weight		(g)	133.31^b±31.62	138.26^b±4.92	127.15^b±19.87	219.30^a±53.98
Fresh weight		(RSD%)	23.72	3.56	15.63	24.61
Plant height		(mm)	186.25^b±10.46	130.61^d±8.54	152.33^c±1.93	205.83^a±12.79
Plant height		(RSD%)	5.62	6.54	1.27	6.21
Plant width		(mm)	84.89^a±16.15	102.34^a±4.59	88.62^a±8.80	96.12^a±12.11
Plant width		(RSD%)	19.02	4.49	9.93	12.60
Color	Outer leaves	(L*)	48.36^ab±2.89	54.24^a±3.77	47.13^b±3.46	52.05^ab±4.58
		(a*)	-11.14^b±0.87	-11.16^b±0.50	-9.47^a±0.42	-10.08^ab±0.46
		(b*)	31.85^a±5.88	33.51^a±1.09	30.81^a±0.08	29.35^a±1.35
	Middle leaves	(L*)	56.30^a±2.69	56.71^a±4.33	59.98^a±1.57	58.13^a±1.00
		(a*)	-11.47^bc±0.94	-10.91^b±0.65	-12.21^c±0.33	-8.30^a±0.60
		(b*)	34.60^b±1.34	32.05^b±2.45	43.04^a±0.63	25.83^c±1.15
	Inner leaves	(L*)	59.24^a±1.08	56.08^ab±1.46	58.18^b±0.82	57.98^ab±1.31
		(a*)	-8.39^ab±0.93	-10.11^bc±0.78	-10.91^c±0.35	-6.73^a±1.47
		(b*)	28.82^bc±3.56	29.30^b±2.58	39.08^a±0.82	21.38^c±6.63

			Butterhead⁴⁾
			Hydroponically grown		Soil-grown
			BUH1	BUH2	BUH3	BUN
			Mean SD	Mean SD	Mean SD	Mean SD
Fresh weight		(g)	127.66^b±21.79	107.48^b±8.59	108.09^b±10.39	237.23^a±109.00
Fresh weight		(RSD%)	17.07	7.99	9.61	45.94
Plant height		(mm)	138.94^a±1.08	94.97^b±5.21	94.46^b±6.90	146.08^a±24.69
Plant height		(RSD%)	0.78	5.48	7.30	16.90
Plant width		(mm)	98.47^ab±10.93	100.38^ab±3.86	93.52^b±3.57	124.86^a±25.92
Plant width		(RSD%)	11.10	3.84	3.82	20.76
Color	Outer leaves	(L*)	43.48^c±1.89	48.53^b±1.85	49.49^b±1.48	61.82^a±1.79
		(a*)	-11.64^b±0.44	-11.75^b±0.45	-10.90^ab±0.31	-9.75^a±1.24
		(b*)	23.83^c±2.56	29.67^b±2.39	29.54^b±0.22	34.34^a±2.31
	Middle leaves	(L*)	60.41^a±2.07	51.05^b±3.77	43.37^c±0.25	58.57^a±0.68
		(a*)	-10.99^b±1.09	-11.66^b±0.63	-10.68^b±0.25	-7.71^a±2.14
		(b*)	33.91^a±4.24	31.91^ab±1.57	27.30^b±1.12	33.48^a±2.32
	Innter leaves	(L*)	65.91^a±1.14	53.11^c±2.84	41.18^d±1.06	60.74^b±3.59
		(a*)	-8.23^b±0.90	-11.29^c±0.11	-10.55^c±0.25	-4.55^a±0.85
		(b*)	31.36^a±3.40	33.12^a±0.92	27.05^b±0.91	32.89^a±1.94

Average of measurements (n=3)±standard deviation
Mean values with the same letter in a row are not significantly different at p<0.05.
Hydroponically grown batavia: BAH1 (farm A), BAH2 (farm B), BAH3 (farm C); butterhead: BUH1 (farm A), BUH2 (farm B), BUH3 (farm C)
Soil-grown batavia: BAN (farm D); butterhead: BUN (farm D).