Table 1.
Physical properties of curcumin nanoemulsions with different emulsifiers at different concentration. Ratio of disperse phase and continuous phase, (A) 5:95 and (B) 10:90 (mean±SD, n=3)1
| (A) Emulsifiers type | Property | Concentration (%, w/w) |
| 2.5 | 5 | 10 | 15 |
| Tween 20 | D (nm)2 | 122.1±1.626Ba | 117.7±4.063Ba | 103.0±3.762Bb | 87.6±3.068Cc |
| PdI3 | 0.249±0.017Bb | 0.234±0.005Cc | 0.226±0.013Cc | 0.227±0.014Ba |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -11.97±0.208Ab | -8.86±0.858Ac | -7.79±0.624Aa | -6.34±0.21Aa |
| Tween 40 | D (nm) | 126.1±2.364Aa | 122.1±0.473Aa | 117.0±3.153ab | 97.8±2.191Ac |
| PdI | 0.293±0.025Bb | 0.27±0.005Bb | 0.269±0.008Bb | 0.337±0.025Aa |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -16.57±0.603Cb | -14.03±0.252Ca | -12.87±0.252Ca | -13.23±1.914Ba |
| Tween 60 | D (nm) | 124.7±0.961ABa | 110.8±0.202Ba | 107.7±1.274Bc | 92.5±1.353Bd |
| PdI | 0.296±0.026Bb | 0.383±0.010Ba | 0.286±0.037Bb | 0.311±0.025Ab |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -14.2±0.361Bb | -15.33±0.493Ca | -12.2±0.529Ca | -11.9±0.346Ba |
| Tween 80 | D (nm) | 101.1±0.764Cb | 109.3±1.136Ca | 88.6±1.074Cc | 74.6±0.676Dd |
| PdI | 0.397±0.028Aa | 0.286±0.028ab | 0.369±0.002Aa | 0.345±0.006Aa |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -12.43±0.473Ac | -10.5±1.893BBc | -8.92±0.423Bb | -6.7±0.731Aa |
| (B) Emulsifiers type | Property | Concentration (%, w/w) |
| 5 | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| Tween 20 | D (nm) | 110.5±2.984Aa * | 97.4±1.279Bb | 70.5±0.935Bc | 55.1±0.388Dd |
| PdI | 0.280±0.01Ca | 0.259±0.007Ca | 0.215±0.019Cb | 0.201±0.004Bb |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -9.93±1.046Ac | -7.62±0.392ab | -6.23±0.505Aa | -6.31±0.480Aa |
| Tween 40 | D (nm) | 104.8±1.159Ba | 104.2±0.608Aa | 90.3±1.372Ab | 64.4±0.998Ac |
| PdI | 0.415±0.005Aa | 0.322±0.061Bb | 0.305±0.019Bb | 0.326±0.031Ab |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -14.7±0.800Bc | -12.93±0.252Bb | -11.43±0.577Ba | -10.9±0.872Ba |
| Tween 60 | D (nm) | 99.1±0.952Ca | 93.0±0.593Bb | 72±0.681Bc | 61.1±0.382Bd |
| PdI | 0.430±0.004Aa | 0.370±0.015ABb | 0.324±0.011ABb | 0.350±0.013Ac |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -14.27±0.569Bd | -12.77±0.252Bc | -9.44±0.573Ba | -11.4±0.529Bb |
| Tween 80 | D (nm) | 92.4±1.38Da | 92.4±1.38Da | 70.1±0.855Bc | 56.9±0.314Cd |
| PdI | 0.350±0.035Ba | 0.319±0.038Aa | 0.345±0.008Aa | 0.333±0.007Aa |
| ζ-potential (mV) | -8.68±0.739Aab | -9.31±1.675Bb | -9.71±2.257Bb | -6.16±0.397Aa |
The emulsions were prepared at the microfluidization pressure and cycle of 120 MPa and 3 cycles, respectively.
D (nm), accumulate mean diameter of the nanoemulsion particles.
PdI, polydispersity index
Mean±standard deviation of triplicate determinations (n-3).
Means with different superscripts within the same column are significantly different (p<0.05).
Means with different superscripts within the same row are significantly different (p<0.05).